Currently chromosomal mapping, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and DNA fingerprinting have been identified as most sensitive and reliable means available for specific identification of animals and plants. This enables even to distinguish individuals in highly inbred stocks as well as elucidating the variations in natural populations. In order to identify the species and variation in natural population, and also to conserve genetic diversity, which is no less important than morphological and ecological diversities, it is highly imperative that the detailed studies_, are carried out on such lines. ZSI is currently maintaining a cyto-taxonomy laboratory. It is proposed to strengthen this laboratory and also develop a DNA fingerprinting center in coming years.